reLAKSation 147. 

Postponing  the inevitable:  Fishupdate.com have reported that the independent smolt producer Kinlochdamph has gone into administration.  This sad news will only confirm to those supporting the application for safeguards, that such protection is absolutely essential. We, at Callander McDowell are not so convinced.

David Hunter, head of corporate recovery at accountants Campbell Dallas said that the terms on which smolts were being sold  was the main problem as this led to difficulties with cash flow.  He concluded that the terms of sale were very, very poor and in effect the company has been financing many of its customers  by giving them extended credit for smolts so that in many cases payment was not received until the relevant salmon had been harvested and sold to market.

Clearly, Kinlochdamph have followed the example of the feed companies by providing extended credit to help overcome the difficulties of the marketplace.  However, we, at Callander McDowell wonder how much this policy of extending credit is misplaced because all it does is postpone the inevitable, as Kinlochdamph have sadly discovered.

The underlying problem for salmon producers is that as volume production has increased, the industry has needed to change to remain viable. The Scottish industry has fought hard against this change, as illustrated by their recurring attempts to seek trade protection from Brussels. The failure to obtain such protection, together with their failure to adapt to the changing market has meant that many farms could be in fact financially unsustainable. Without the provision of extended credit from their suppliers, it is likely that more farms might have gone out of business. This is the price they would have paid for trying to maintain their perceived image of Scottish salmon.

Their extensive resources has meant that the feed companies have been able to finance this extended credit, irrespective of whether they wanted to or not. However, Kinlochdamph found that without the support of a multinational parent company, the provision of such credit was unsustainable. They have paid the ultimate price for supporting an industry unwilling to adapt to a changing market. However well intentioned, suppliers have contributed to the continuing market disruption because they have inadvertently helped their customers avoid the realities of the marketplace as well as their financial responsibilities. This can only damage the industry's long term future, as eventually, these credits will have to be met and this is unlikely to happen unless something changes. In some cases, farms unable to meet their credit commitment have seen the credit converted into shareholdings thus bringing about the change anyway.

Sustained low prices will be eventually reflected in an industry dominated by large fully integrated companies. Unless the small and medium sized companies adapt and learn to live without extended credit, their futures cannot be assured anyway. Their future security lies in the market, not through the protection of extended credit.

Hopefully, Kinlochdamph can also have a future. The administrators  are confident that the buyers can be found for the company so that the supply of smolts to the Scottish industry will remain uninterrupted. Seemingly, there are already three  expressions of interest so smolt production looks set to continue.

Squeezed out?: David Hunter, the administrator for Kinlochdamph told Fishupdate.com that the smolt producers failure is yet another example of the changes now occurring within the salmon farming industry. He thinks that there is a move in the industry by the large players to try to make sure that the independent companies are quietly squeezed out. He said that this was a view that he had heard expressed at a recent fish farming conference.

We, at Callander McDowell are not in the business of defending the large players, but we do consider Mr Hunter's comments to be absolute nonsense. He may know a great deal about corporate recovery, but he clearly knows very little about the fish farming industry.

In 1989, the salmon farming industry underwent radical change brought about by a unexpected collapse of prices. This sudden price fall then firmly established the route for future industry development. This was both predictable and inevitable. 

The rapid expansion of production placed a continual downward pressure on prices. Lower prices reduced potential margins. Farmers faced a choice if they were to maximise what margins were available. They could either put the brakes on production and hope that prices would rise or they could try to capitalise on the low prices by expanding production further and reducing production costs.  The industry opted for the second route although this was more out of necessity then design.

Once production continued to expand, the days of the smaller independent farmer were always numbered, even though the exact timescale was then, and still is uncertain.

The only way the salmon industry could develop would be through the growth of major international players  benefiting from economies of scale and extensive market access. The small independent farmer would always find it extremely difficult to compete against such dominant players  unless they too adapted to a changing industry and a changing market.

Unfortunately, Scottish farmers in particular have resisted such change and this is why the industry is now experiencing difficulties.

However, the future of the smaller independent farmer does not have to be so bleak. Those farming companies that are  willing to adapt can still have a future, but adapt they must. The most likely route is through cooperation, emulating the large producers, but this is not the only option. Small farms which develop a niche specialisation may also be able to avoid succumbing to the competitive pressure of the major farms.

The pre-eminence of the major farming companies has been evident for several years now. Their dominance is clearly not associated with any attempt to force out the independent producer.  If any proof is required that the independent farmer is not the object of a conspiracy by the largest players then it is only necessary to consider two of the leading companies, both of  which are also major feed suppliers. It makes no sense if these companies squeeze out the small independent farmer as they would also be squeezing out their own customers.

Eat more, but not that much more!: According to IntraFish, cabinet ministers from Norway, Chile, Ireland, Canada, Holland and Scotland as well as representative from the EU have all recommended that the public should eat more salmon. This unique international ministerial meeting was integrated into the recent AquaVision conference. This  advice comes at the same time that the UK's Food Standards Agency have upgraded their recommendations for the consumption of oily fish such as salmon. The FSA now say that adults should eat four 140g portions of oily fish a week.

Against this background, it cannot make sense that the European Commission has been trying to limit supplies of oil rich salmon through its attempt to impose safeguard measures on imports from  non EU countries. Yet, clearly, European producers cannot produce sufficient salmon to satisfy current demand so the public could well be thwarted in their attempt to improve their diet as there may not be enough fish to go round.  Equally, shortages may put up the price making oil rich salmon unavailable to those who most need to eat it.  Low income families always find it difficult to eat healthily because of the higher costs. Salmon currently represents real value for money and there is a real risk that if prices rise, consumption might actually decline.  The EU needs to look hard at the question of safeguards so that the health conscious consumer does not lose out.  Perhaps, with ministers present from all the salmon producing nations, this is a question that they should have considered before advocating wider consumption.  

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